There are a lot of well-known programming languages like Python, Java, C, C++, JavaScript and many others, and this verity of languages always makes new incomers to the programming world ask the question: what is the best programming language out there ? or which language should it start with ?
So in this blog we will see the differences between the most known programming languages and discuss why is there no best programming language in general but only in a certain field or for certain uses. And also why some languages are good to learn as a beginner while others are not.
To start with, the top 7 programming languages in 2019 are :
- Python
- Java
- C/C++
- JavaScript
- Go
- C#
- Swift
So in order to know the main differences between them we should know the intended use of these languages.
Intended use of programming languages
Web development
Web development is the work involved in developing an internet web site or an intranet (a private network). Web development can range from developing a simple page of plain text to complex web applications
In web development there is what we call front end and back end development
Front-end web development is basically programming and designing a user-friendly interface or the client-side of the website (visible text, animations,colors etc…). The most used programming language in this field is JavaScript alongside HTML and CSS. It is an object-oriented programming language made specifically for creating interactive effects inside web browsers. Many popular companies like; google, amazon, Wikipedia, Facebook, YouTube and even WordPress use JavaScript as a front end for their websites.
Back-end web development is where developers create components and features that are indirectly accessed by a user through a front–end application or system. It is what links the data in severs to the web interface. Many programming languages can be used for this type of development , but the most used ones are C, C++, Go, Java and Python
Embedded software (for embedded systems)
Embedded software is a computer software, written to control machines or devices that are not typically thought of as computers, such microwaves, washing machines, DSLR cameras and Robotics , which are commonly known as embedded systems and are controlled by micro-controllers( like Arduino).
These systems require low level programming languages which are a little more difficult than ordinary computer languages.
A low-level programming language is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer’s instruction set commands. In other words, their prime function is to operate, manage and manipulate the computing hardware and components.
The most used programming languages in this field are C and C++ and assembly language.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning
Artificial intelligence or AI is the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that usually require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.
When it Comes to picking a programming language for using it in AI, there exist lots of choices out there. However, there are always some languages that are better than others in certain fields. in this case we have; Python, JavaScript and java. These 3 languages offer many Libraries ( Tools ) that makes it a lot easier to work with artificial intelligence concepts.
Applications development
An application (or app) is a software designed to solve a specific task for a user(example). This type of software has a user-friendly interface that makes it easier for a normal user to interact directly with it.
We can divide applications into two types:
1-Desktop applications which are meant for operating systems like Microsoft Windows , Linux and Mac OS.
There are many programming languages that can be used to create desktop applications. However , not all of them can be used for all platforms. for example; C# and Visual Basic.Net can be used only for programming Windows applications , and Swift programming language can be used only with Mac OS (apple’s operating system).
In the other hand, JAVA, Python ,C/C++ and JavaScript are general purpose programming languages. Which means that that can be used for programming applications for All desktop operating systems, and that is why most they are chosen by many desktop apps developers.
2-Mobile Applications which work on operating systems like Android and IOS .
Java and kotlin are the official programming languages for android applications and they are the most used ones. the applications that were programmed in these two languages are called native apps . However, other languages like python and JavaScript can be also used for making android apps. However these last ones can’t have all the functionalities of native apps and are called Hybrid apps
Which languages are good to start with and which not ?
From what you have seen above, it has become very clear that Python, Java and JavaScript can be used in almost every field of programming. However , not all of them are easy to learn for beginners.
Java has been for many years the top-1 programming language according to the TIOBE index. It is the most used language in the enterprise environment. Java is strongly and statically typed, which can turn easier to visualize some programming concepts. However, it’s syntax is very difficult, and that is why it is very hard to learn as a beginner.
In the other hand, Python and JavaScript are also very commonly used programming languages today and are easy language for beginners . Especially Python language which is now the world fastest growing programming language. Many developers today choose it for its ease of use and readability.
So if you want to start with programming, then Python and java Script are the way to go .
Conclusion
As a conclusion, Programming languages are very similar , So it is necessary to know that they don’ t matter as much as the way of thinking to solve problems in these languages. So pick any language that you find helpful and use it to learn the programming concepts. after that it will be very easy to pickup any other language
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